Perceived injustice: a risk factor for problematic pain outcomes.
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND Emerging research suggests that perceptions of injustice after musculoskeletal injury can have a significant impact on a number of pain-related outcomes. AIMS The purpose of this paper is to review evidence linking perceptions of injustice to adverse pain outcomes. For the purposes of this paper, perceived injustice is defined as an appraisal cognition comprising elements of the severity of loss consequent to injury ("Most people don't understand how severe my condition is"), blame ("I am suffering because of someone else's negligence"), a sense of unfairness ("It all seems so unfair"), and irreparability of loss ("My life will never be the same"). RESULTS Cross-sectional studies show that high scores on perceptions of injustice are correlated with pain catastrophizing, fear of movement, and depression. Prospective studies show that high scores on perceived injustice are a prognostic indicator of poor rehabilitation outcomes and prolonged work disability. Research shows that perceptions of injustice interfere not only with physical recovery after injury, but perceptions of injustice also impact negatively on recovery of the mental health problems that might arise subsequent to traumatic injury. Although research has yet to address the process by which perceptions of injustice impact on pain-related outcomes systematically; possible mechanisms include attentional disengagement difficulties, emotional distress, maladaptive coping, heightened displays of pain behavior, anger, and revenge motives. CONCLUSIONS Perceived injustice appears to be associated with problematic health and mental health recovery trajectories after the onset of a pain condition. Future directions for research and treatment are addressed.
منابع مشابه
Anger differentially mediates the relationship between perceived injustice and chronic pain outcomes.
Emerging evidence suggests that perceived injustice is a risk factor for adverse outcomes associated with chronic pain. To date, however, the processes by which perceived injustice impacts on pain outcomes remain speculative. Evidence from several lines of research suggests that anger may mediate the relationship between injustice and pain outcomes. However, this relationship has not been empir...
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Emerging evidence suggests that the appraisal of pain and disability in terms of justice-related themes contributes to adverse pain outcomes. To date, however, research on the relation between perceived injustice and pain outcomes has focused primarily on individuals with musculoskeletal injuries. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the role of perceived injustice in the prediction...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- The Clinical journal of pain
دوره 28 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2012